Support SciPy sparse matrices for alpharank code, implement Stochasically Stable Distributions

[l-ouis]

Evolutionary dynamic Markov chains are sparse matrices, so using SciPy sparse matrices and operations can save memory.

Also implements SSD: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1207.1424, which is an exact algorithm that computes the stochastically stable distribution of a Markov chain (and can be used similarly as alpharank)

• move Kosaraju.py into ssd.py and fix formatting
• support sparse matrices in the SSD reduce step

@Eric-Ewing

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[lanctot]

Thanks @l-ouis ! Can you sign the CLA?

[lanctot]

Can you fix the indentation to be consistent? (two-space indent)

E.g kosaraju.py appears to use 4-space indent but there might be others.|

Edit: original_ssd.py as well. Or maybe you don't intend to keep that one in the PR? (i.e. is it the original implementation that you're fitting into OpenSpiel, for instance)

[l-ouis]

Fixed indentation / moved kosaraju logic into ssd.py. Also implemented more correct sparsity logic to the ssd portion.